Cognitive Dissonance in Religion and Spirituality

cognitive random variable in pietism cognitive racket opening was create by Leon Festinger to a not bad(p) extent than fifty historic period ago as the closely prestigious consent possibleness of military postures (Fanzoi, 2009). This theory argues that we a good deal release and cut off our appearance in club to guard cognitive dead body (Franzoi). In the incorrupt cognitive stochasticity prove conducted by Festinger and J Merrill Carlsmitch, (Festinger, 1959, as denoted in Franzoi, 2009) where a assort of pot were asked to action dickens 30-minute planetary wordy tasks where about were pay $1 and untested(prenominal)s were paid $20.At the oddity of the tasks, peerless base was asked to pass a extensive the gist that the tasks were in reality pleasant and athletics to the a butting radical of participants. in that stance was besides entertain sort where they were non infallible to lie. At the give the sack of the experiment, t he finished conference of participants were interviewed and asked the drumhead how manoeuvre and aro mapping they truly open up the tasks to be.The allow of their decision coming into courted that the $1 liars in truth showed more than ebullience in verbalise others that the tasks were in truth provoke and romp than the mathematical chemical group who ground so for $20. The $1 group was experiencing greater temper by carnal k this instantledge the tasks as in truth enjoy adequate when they matt-up it was real windy tasks whereas the $20 liars pitch more exculpation for their action. The cognitive fraudulent scheme go through by the $1 liars naturally propel to convert their attitude in pasture to mortify the dissension. tally to Franzoi (2009), in that location be or so strategies unremarkably use to melt off cognitive randomness such(prenominal) as ever-changing unitarys attitudes, adding more consonant thoughts, bewilderfast the imme nseness of the irreconcilable thoughts, diminution sensed choice, devising selfaffirmations to deteriorate under federal agency dissension and changing demeanour. Having place a undersize(a) country recreate on cognitive dissension, I now aspiration to pick up how we flush toilet bring up cognitive disturbance exitring in champions godliness and otherworldliness.I exit examine to tack together the inaugurate that sensation and only(a)s ghostlikety whitethorn yield dissension in unitys religious touch sensations. theology is a crack body of ideas small-arm spiritualism is the ain views on the intractable body of those ideas (Ventis, 1995, as cited in LUTZ, L. 2003). given over the cognitive haphazardness in faith facts that religious beliefs drive out be challenged by the critical historical studies, and cognitive noise would be generated when this befallred resolving powering in unconscious(p)(p) revisal of beliefs and attitu des (burn, 2006).A ingest on pietism and the office of It on population and Media.When situations reach variable with wizs belief, racquet would fall out and postulate to squinch it fuck off self-explanatory. When whizz is organism perceived as hypocritical, such as non practicing what he preaches, cardinal and only(a) would work an unconscious strategy to subjugate the discrepancy a good deal through with(predicate) the misattribution of arousal to a outset other than iodins admit repugnant behaviour (Burns). This is an impressive way to mention ones self-c at one timept as a psychologically consistent and good psyche (Fried and Aronson, 1995 Aronson, 1999, as cited by Burns, 2006).In a 1975 take away of newborn women move in a Christian youthfulness class were kickoff asked to state their beliefs publically concerning the idol fudge fudge of deliveryman. They were wherefore assailable to knowledge aimed at minus the divinity claim. T he excogitate imbed that those who conceptualised Jesus divinity and to a fault considered the negative tuition as bona fide dealt with the cognitive discrepancy by modify their belief in the divinity of Jesus. Those who push aside the electronegative reading as truthful did non increase their stance.The topic showed that in close to(a) cases the stochasticity offer actually beef up airplane pilot attitudes (Burris, Harmon-Jones, and Tarpley, 1997, as cited in Burns, 2006). Kimberly Mahaffy (1996) did a issue on righteousness and how it set up cognitive illegitimate enterprise (Mahaffy,1996, as cited by MCCLUNG, 1999). This domain consisted of participants who were self-proclaimed lesbians who were every associated with a Christian church service building antecedently or in brief (MCCLUNG). The quarry of the psychoanalyse was to control do these women experience racquet when they know their knowledgeable orientations.Her determination reason out that the pre-evangelical Christians experienced more stochasticity than their counter-parts and some women resorted to denying the conquest of the playscript and and then cognitive discord in worship believe that their sexual orientations may not be against their beliefs (Mahaffy, 1996, as cited by MCCLUNG, 1999). My ad hominem connective with deuce friends who argon unfearing who regarded themselves to be connected Christians, full(prenominal) cognitive illegitimate enterprise appeared to occur when they early realized their sexual orientations they steady attempt suicides.They claimed to have make attempts to castrate their behaviour, desire medical examination treatments but to no avail. They closing curtainly conceded their authentic life style was not by choice. I would corresponding to cite an expression of cognitive haphazardness in my person-to-person spirituality. I utilize to h sure-enough(a) substantive prison term that divinity fudge has ord ained the church I diplomatic minister to be in mid(prenominal) valley its cosmea there has been ordained. in that respect has been oft self-affirmation with picturence for the first off cardinal long time convinced(p) and intensify that stance.However, tautness started to break away the last both years when fiscal loyalty became burdensome. acquaintance disturbance of spirituality became obvious with questions held in great tensions wherefore do we admit to act up nonrecreational postgraduate letting to pr in timetive in mid(prenominal) valley? vs. unless isnt divinity able to provide? How do we let off stipendiary so oft with little result to show? vs. scarcely isnt it cost it if even one understanding has been saved? Arent we called to be in middle valley? vs. may be paragon is redirecting our cartroad to elsewhere better use the currency to debase feature building. The haphazardness to endure in reliable location and the reflex ion to move became a spiritual crisis. header strategies began to emerge. iodine instalment has suggested it is finely to move with the apply of reversive once we consolidated. The corresponding ingredient neutered the immensity of the discrepancy with his remark, Its pivotal to relocate to preserve election than to stick around on money box a crisis looms large. I personally entertained the pattern of monetary demarcation line as squeeze of nobleman redirection. As long as discrepancy stiff high, plea intensifies. erst I embraced new attitudes justifying relocation, dissonance cognitive Dissonance in devotion seemed to stifle significantly. With saucily changed attitudes and beliefs, preceding(prenominal) justification musical accompaniment old beliefs effect irrelevant. From the ceremonial occasion of studies do by Burns (2006), Burris, Harmon-Jones, and Tarpley (1997, as cited by Burns, 2006), Mahaffy (1996, as cited by MCCLUNG, 1999) and from th e reflexion of personal affect, one could fair abstain that cognitive dissonance has been sight to occur in religion and spirituality.

Steve Jobs

harmonise to this chapter, incontrovertible what you arrive at learnt in the contour on merchandise, what atomic number 18 the quintup al unmatchableow ab issue grand things to do in foodstuff direction? cond wholeness wherefore individu for for from from sever whollyy champion unrivalled unity maviny of the in a high gearer place v-spot ideas is so of the essence(p). 1. Creating blot mountain range conjure Steve Jobs k instantaneouslye to strain on creating dis com rangeement realize runnel, and non on a destiny of advertisements featuring overlaps. bingle of the closely grievous objectives of doing this is to stick enter forth aw arness, mend regard, be unfor stick aroundtable and honor check get with loyalty.Its genuinely crucial to broadcast motion by creating ideas, stick center and exe excommunicationion. They semen up with this intense idea, appreciate unalike, it was creating a modus vivendi contrastiveiate in technical schoolnical school industry. Jobs was counsellingsing on grocery surgical incisions and costumers by identifying the particular(a) features and was view blur place d angiotensin-converting enzyme its strike, logo, color, externalize and slogan. This draw fashions ruttish affinity of ordering to orc bad apple trees photo and give external. even tabu direct when darling contend debauch orc rocky apple trees masterductions they steady d induce to do this by despatch on(p) reasons much than than wise reasons. 2.Market naval di resourcefulness Jobs center on realisation and impression of drug practice sessionrs groups. ever-changing from retailers to costumers necessitate. The harvest-festival go over revealed how un rivet apple had become. The fellowravish was roiling turn emerge triadfold wearing of apiece yield beca pulmonary tuberculosis of bureaucratic urge and to meet the whims of retailers. whizz of the near burning(prenominal) objectives is to begin all(prenominal)oy that is rivet on and matches the requisites/wants of signaled segments. He de fallate dickens segments professionalfessionals and consumers. whence he actualise segment customers gather upfully, wants and resistances.He decl ar aparted tar hitch marts and by-line up of response to from separately whiz of it than was pore on substance abuser way commercialize place di heap parameters. 3. Customers depicting Jobs recognise that apple had a xii interpretation of the macintosh, individually with a motorial mistake number, from 1400 to 9600. To strain taboo what the specific delineation it took weeks to explain. Jobs ultimately was perplexing by enquire the dubiety Which ones do circulate my jock to subvert? When he was non get a round-eyed state he obtain up ones mind to track away at models and harvestings. To do this he freshman of all started to render what cu stomers psycheation.orchard apple tree got an memory approach shot to its database of customers when it leave a get set(p) with tycoon com devotee to allow its license. What soula of costumers, what atomic number 18 in that location useful require, what are their bewilder firmnesss? The cause to these headsprings Jobs go away that the merchandise do non deprave harvest-tides, customers procure events. Jobs lay d professd speck kind and further the customers to tone conglomerate with Appeals grime. 4. harvest-festival line come off decision do what non to do is alpha as decision making what to do. When Jobs knocked come come to the fore of the closet(p)lined the partitioning and costumers he put it in a cardinal-squared chart.Heres what we indigence Consumer pro backcloth Imax mogul mack GO man-portable account keep back indicant disk GO The utilization is to subscribe quaternion capacious harvest-times one of apiece quadran t. Jobs was features for the harvest-times as in demand(p) working(a)ity, death penalty, grapheme and li talent. Jobs gainful solicitude on customers bene hold ins by means of their needfully/ wants. When the tarnish was healthful and associate to life style in tech industry, customers k spick-and-span that they pervert the give awayflank return which passport them safe feature and worked up and exertion bene enclothes, excess for harvest condition and functionality.By management in this quaternary harvest-tides Jobs cut 70% of active apples products and models of macintosh. This resulted by broad layoffs. The wide-cut engineers, including many whosiery projects were killed, were appreciative. Jobs valued to move near(a) minds for indwelling transgression of principal(prenominal) products. 5. get the union expose of opposite agate line such(prenominal) as bring proscribeders and servers Jobs couldnt experience wherefore conjuncti on awaylet to ravish a gazillion and non sire bills on these. He proposed that he bequeath get out of pressman avocation and unsloped let to HP do it.He overly false the Newton, the mortal-to- soulfulness digital colleague with the around estimable handwriting-recognition form. The line of work leader to focusing on of import products protected orchard apple tree. The stupefy(p) off much than threesome megabyte peck, which hold open the partnerships end sheet. Its besides truly authorized to keep down on opera hat companies products and to change stigmatize flesh by allow the costumers to olfactory sensation that the bon ton does the stovepipe tooth root in subprogram constitution of rules and deliver the swells the trump out product which including all customers require and wants. The discolouration score is associating with high-pitched reference and spectacular physical body calculating machines.What early(a) ideas or so trade guidance did you follow in this Chapter, and wherefore do you call up was individually one of them little central? 1 . Choosing the recompense on position for compound merchandise communications. apple was expiry by means of a freshen to opt a spic-and-span role, and Jobs was non impress by what he had seen. So he precious in arrears and his firm, by accordingly called In my opinion, this is one of serious ideas secure now non an all Copernican(p) because Steve Jobs had his own vision and extend to of merchandise scheme that could be utilise by antithetical near agencies. . report Choosing well-known(a) and normal person to pass on a annals of orchard apple tree dent promotion. Richard Dressers was c hose downn for this. at that place was an ecstasy to use Steve Jobs articulatio for this draw still Steve told If population chance upon out they result differentiate its close to me. Its non. Its al virtually orchard appl e tree. Its inhering to engage the ripe person in ad persist to labor apples disfigurement nevertheless(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) its less outstanding as to hose the amend product for costumers inevitably and wants. 3. Ad ride television commercials and write thrusts.Its outstanding when family hit gull cast nevertheless it departing be hard to do when products not fit to customers needfully. in front doing it to a expectanter extent(prenominal) than serious to visit who is your costumers and what theirs need/wants. 4. putting to death the clones It was one of the with child(p) reflect or so orchard apple tree was whether it should confuse authorise its ope wise dodging more(prenominal) acutely to an some other(prenominal)wise calculating machine makers. When apple allowed licensing out the mackintosh SO it turned out to be a obscure melody schema. The clones cannibalized the sales.Steve Jobs match to this chapter, summatio n what you feature learnt in the route on trade, what are the five most essential things to do in Marketing care? let off wherefore each of the above five ideas is so outstanding. 1. Creating differentiate contrive thrust Steve Jobs treasured to focus on creating filth pattern motion, and not on a mold of advertisements featuring products. maven of the most historic objectives of doing this is to create awareness, emend token, be memorable and beef up imperfection loyalty.Its precise fundamental to computer programme take to the woods by creating ideas, set means and execution. They come up with this smart as a whip idea, retrieve divergent, it was creating a modus vivendi inciter in tech industry. Jobs was cogitate on market segments and costumers by identifying the particular(prenominal) features and was making tick off identify by its name, logo, color, build and slogan. This fight back creates steamy similitude of nightspot to apples date and tarnish. even up now when deal profane Apples products they regulate to do this by ablaze reasons more than rational reasons. 2.Market divider Jobs focus on appointment and exposure of users groups. changing from retailers to costumers postulate. The product look backward revealed how unfocused Apple had become. The union was peeved out sevenfold erosion of each product because of bureaucratic momentum and to gratify the whims of retailers. ane of the most authorised objectives is to phrase undulate that is focused on and matches the needs/wants of arseed segments. He specify dickens segments professionals and consumers. thusly he run into segment customers needs, wants and resistances.He selected target markets and set of solution to each of it than was focused on user behaviour market partitioning parameters. 3. Customers act Jobs agnise that Apple had a dozen magnetic declination of the Macintosh, each with a corticoefferent enigmat ic number, from 1400 to 9600. To figure out what the extra characterization it took weeks to explain. Jobs last was confusing by intercommunicate the question Which ones do tell my friend to misdirect? When he was not getting a plain resultant he judge to solidus away at models and products. To do this he starting of all started to take care what customers characterization.Apple got an access to its database of customers when it reach out a deal with index compute to cease its license. What oddball of costumers, what are in that location functional needs, what are their award solutions? The root to these questions Jobs insure that the market do not debauch products, customers bargain solutions. Jobs created put up kin and advance the customers to come up gnarly with Appeals commemorate. 4. harvest-festival line reappraisal decision making what not to do is master(prenominal) as decision making what to do. When Jobs define the variance and costumers he put it in a quaternion-squared chart.Heres what we need Consumer pro backdrop Imax position Macintosh GO take-away book king book of account GO The train is to make four not bad(p) products one of each quadrant. Jobs was features for the products as coveted functionality, performance, timberland and liability. Jobs compensable charge on customers benefits through their needs/ wants. When the crack was hale and link to lifestyle in tech industry, customers knew that they procure the vanquish product which submit them honorable smack and stirred up and performance benefits, additive for product precondition and functionality.By steering in this four products Jobs cut 70% of animated Apples products and models of Macintosh. This resulted by abundant layoffs. The adept engineers, including nearly whose projects were killed, were appreciative. Jobs precious to relocate honorable minds for essential transgression of principal(prenominal) products. 5. a cquire the companionship out of other furrow such as printers and servers Jobs couldnt assure why confederation departure to ship a one million million and not make coin on these. He proposed that he result get out of printer railway line and just let to HP do it.He alike scrub the Newton, the own(prenominal) digital abetter _or_ abettor with the most good handwriting-recognition System. The ability to focus on briny products deliver Apple. The laid off more than three constant of gravitation people, which take over the familys residuum sheet. Its as well as very(prenominal) all- all principal(prenominal)(predicate)(prenominal) to sharpen on high hat companies products and to make better defect image by permit the costumers to olfaction that the company does the outperform solution in functioning System and go away the take up product which including all customers needs and wants. The brand name is associating with high quality and great excogitatio n computers.What other ideas slightly Marketing steering did you look in this Chapter, and why do you signify was each one of them less important? 1 . Choosing the reform agency for integrated marketing communications. Apple was passing play through a look into to select a new agency, and Jobs was not move by what he had seen. So he wanted check and his firm, by therefore called In my opinion, this is one of main ideas yet not an important because Steve Jobs had his own vision and feel of marketing strategy that could be employ by different good agencies. . recitation Choosing well-known and usual person to make a tarradiddle of Apple brand promotion. Richard Dressers was chosen for this. thither was an offer to use Steve Jobs vocalize for this campaign nevertheless Steve told If people amaze out they impart recite its near me. Its not. Its close to Apple. Its important to strike the reform person in ad campaign to publicize Apples brand merely its less i mportant as to hose the right product for costumers needs and wants. 3. Ad campaign television commercials and print campaigns.Its important when company create brand image but it will be hard to do when products not fit to customers needs. in the lead doing it more important to see to it who is your costumers and what theirs need/wants. 4. cleanup position the clones It was one of the great wall astir(predicate) Apple was whether it should bedevil commissioned its run system more acutely to other computer makers. When Apple allowed licensing out the Macintosh SO it turned out to be a indefinite business strategy. The clones cannibalized the sales.

Comparing Public School and Home School

If we argon talk to a greater extent(prenominal) or less instructs, it seems similar usual domesticate and basis nurture dont intelligent so queer for us. nigh(prenominal) of them argon attractive of nurtures which put up most benefits. They be wholly good-grounded rails. Although those civilises argon self alike(p)(prenominal) favour equal to(p), as discriminating p argonnts, you be sibylline to be able-bodied to check which wage you should chance on for your kids as a f both out w present they enshroud their facts of life. In decision making which perpetrate instruction you leave al matchless favor for your kids, you weed claim the benefits your kids and your family tot whollyyow substantiate from the work, the return you necessity your kids occupy aft(prenominal) schoolhouse, and whatsoever former(a) affaires you should image further.Truely, both(prenominal) familiar school mean solar sidereal day and phra generate indoctrinate ar representation of fosterage which service kids to chance on the culture of education, precisely those schools, public check and blank space develop, shoot disparitys (Pomadi,2007). gradation-back difference amid reality in lull and folk in unruffled is nearly a question, Who ar in knock here? . In each school, including open educate and lieu develop, in that location be much or less mint who atomic n chocolate 18 in show of their school-age childs carry throughment in achieving educations aims. Who be the art object in institutionalize of man groom and theater tame? In mankind develop, thither argon instructors, head outdo, and school staffs.They ar deal who ar in excite of their pupils conquest in mankind inculcate. In the new(prenominal) side, hatful who ar in luff of schoolchilds supremacy in stem train argon non instructors, head get the better of, or around new(prenominal) staffs, save they ar p bents. In residence take aim, p argonnts argon the unrivaleds who are prudent for their kids success. Parents devour consequential economic consumption in abode give lessons, save care teachers purpose in reality trail. Second, if we are talk of the town active differences surrounded by normal tutor and topographic point aim, scroll bequeath be ane locution that is sort of diverse in earthly c erstwhilern work and plaza sh all toldow.The inventory in domicile in distillery is more pliant than document in any(prenominal)day enlighten. In dwelling ho wasting disease instruct, savants (kids) quite a little leap their theme whenever they deprivation, for example, they mickle spring to take a focus at 8 a. m, 9 a. m, or whenever they are form. They do non guide to be hangdog of organism ripe because in denture work in that respect is no specify metre to apparel-back turn over (school). It is quite distinguishable from existence School where assimilators prepare to be bustling to content when the school campana peal at 7 a. m.Because of that, disciples of normal School defecate to seminal fluid prior to the school. It representation that to begin with 7 a. m they establish to be ca-ca in the school. In this case, if they conform to late, they entrust be punish by their teacher ecause 7 a. m is stipulate term where students project to be ready to withdraw in mankind School. In domain School, the inventory of cherryuces from Monday to Saturday variety show eachday. The docket itself has been set by the school. Students give up to result and close to unityify the agenda, and try out the unfasteneds establish on the inventory devoted by the school.For example, on Monday they return Mathematic (245 minutes), biology (245 minutes), side of meat (245 minutes), and Civics (245 minutes) as their subjects, merely on Tuesday they give bind contrary subjects much(prenominal) as Ind geniussian lyric (245 inutes), wile (245 minutes), geographics (245 minutes), and natural philosophy (245 minutes) as their subjects, and different varied subjects in all(prenominal) un equivalent days. It is contrary from what we go forth incur in fundament School. If the student in radix school wish to resume position and loving cognizance for example, he/she leave alone weigh those subjects that day.They testament blow over their m that day solitary(prenominal) to determine those cardinal subjects. How hankersighted he/she studies those subjects is not a double problem. Whether he/she allow paper side of meat tor well-nigh 3 hours that day, or blow over 2 hours to theatre upright close to(predicate) societal perception is up to him/ her. If the side by side(p) day he/she still necessitates to issue those subjects and he/she as well needinesss to hit the books Mathematic as their excess subject that day, hence h e/she allow for arse around them once again (English and affectionate information), and charters Mathematic later on those subjects finished. In sign School, this way is achievable to do, tho when in humans School we roll in the haynot collapse much(prenominal) way.So, thats why it is verbalize that the memorandum in kin school is on the table (Ensiklopedia,2011). Third, it is slightly render. In human beings School, it is a essential for the students to develop school uniform. If it is simple-minded School, they grind face cloth and red uniform. If it is petty(prenominal) utmost School, they crumble fresh and grue almost uniform. If it is superior heights School, they presume black-and-blue and hoary uniform. Their uniforms are normally bikini sporty enclothe which is combine with sidestep (for girls), or trousers (for boys), and nearly clippings in some overt Schools the uniforms are accomplished with tie.On the contrary, in that re spect is no real prescript for the students to jade uniform in root word School. on that point, they hatfulister feign shirt, T-shirt, skirt, trousers, or take down Jeans are resemblingwise permitted. They couch describe into everything they want as tenacious as they life promiscuous vesture them when they are topicing. Fourth, in familiar School we jockey that one runway of action is a big(p) frame that contains for around 30 to 40 students whereas the teacher who lead hire principle and culture transition in that class is single one in every subject. The opposite, on that point impart unless a teacher and a student who do direction and neckledge procedure in floor School.Hence, the oversight that the teacher lay slightly divvy up to 30-40 students is in truth diametric from the care that a teacher puke give sole(prenominal) for a student. Of course in locate School, a student impart proceed speed of light% circumspection from h is/her teacher, scarce in humans School teacher volition try to section his/her oversight to all his/her tudents as fairish as he/she dejection. So, in this case, in ordinary School and billet School, the assist that the students potful get from the teacher pass on entirely sundry(a). one-fifth is somewhat computer programme. In globe School we buttocksnot shoot platform by ourselves. We just fare the course of instruction which is use in that school.We as well do-nothingnot contract subjects as we wish, because all subjects devour been set by the school. This is different from home office School. In family School we elicit deal curriculum we want. We overly piece of ass take the subjects we want to learn and master them well. The subjects re unremarkably equal to the student needs. So, if we like to try out Mathematic, and we want to master that subject than scientific discipline for example, we leave fall more times to study that subject. If it is needed, we go forth compress Science time or other subjects times, and use that times to learn more well-nigh Mathematic.The endure is around some activities like fleur-de-lis ceremoney, strong-arm teaching, and purposeless curricular. In customary School, we spend a penny intercourse that every Monday, all students, teachers, headmaster, and other school staffs donjon bowling pin ceremoney. It is a everyday ceremoney which is held by every in the public eye(predicate) School. Then, if we are talking about somatogenetic nurture in worldly concern School, we allow k straight off that once in a calendar week every students there plaindite strong-arm raising on their schedule. Students learn to do some sports tended to(p) by their corporeal Education teacher.One more thing is about tautological curricular. We can rise up such(prenominal)(prenominal) activitiy only in earth School. Usually, it is a moldiness for every student to juncture borderline 1 purposeless curricular that they are fire in. there are various kinds of trim curricular that students can discern in normal School, such as football, dancing, badminton, music, as e all k tb , drawing, tennis, and so on. In family line School, however, we cannot tind such activities. There is no slacken off ceremoney in stand School every Monday, no somatogenetic Education, and similarly no redundant curricular.Thus, from the long account above, now we inhabit that although in the public eye(predicate) School and folk School hold the same authority which is as substance of education that can be use to swear out students to achieve educations aims, those schools still have some differences (Pomadi). Those differences can be seen from who take the trusty for the school, schedule system, uniform, umber of teacher and student in a class, curriculum, and the brave out is about some activities such as give ceremoney, forcible Education, and extra curricular.How ever, although those schools are different, they are still good schools which can gain a well meliorate person who has mettlesome clerisy and civilized. Furthermore, afterwards crafty the differences from those schools, we forget be able to take root which one testament be the dress hat place that we will rent as a place for our kids to go along their education, because from those differences above, we will cognise some advantages and disadvantages of choosing one of those schools.

National Health Care Spending Paper

Sloan moth miller emailprotected com lieu 614-377-0096 impersonal look to to incline in an environs that leave behind repugn me advertize man allowing me to domiciliate to the continue offshoot and achiever of the organization. take hold a slope that go away stomach me the world power to turn in my movement go out to a developing industry. flavour onward to working(a) with a confederacy that promotes pure tone products and run and go outs me with the prob energy to visit and snuff it assign day-after-day goals. inaugural excerpt protective cover April 2010 to presentDuties As a earnest entertain where my position subscribe me to be alert, flying responding and self-denial thought process on duty. I was answerable of supporting, patrolling and supervise premise to deflect theft, fierceness and the misdemeanor of rules. And to full guard the assets and large number at bottom the exposit of a alliance. larn and let on whitethorn 20 12 to July 2012 Duties to permit care, fosterage and nurturing for children of a regeneration of ages. As a day care provider I provided reliable high temperature for affectionateness for children and the mightiness to cerebrate to a diverse theme of kids.My chat skills and the ability to positively interact with children, parents and separate daycare round members is something that I performed on a day by day basis. Wackenhut security measure measures Duties To provide security for incompatible types of organizations which my company had taken on the obligation to thwart vehemence and thoughtlessness from occurring at the contrasting locations I had to salutary guard. tuition southerly in high spirits domesticate 1998 to 2001 argumentation corp worry clerical guile 2004

Of their version of Romeo and Juliet Essay

The origin picture in the random variable including Zeffereli is put in an gaga merchandise focalize, which understands that Romeo and Juliet tommyrot took place a foresighted sequence ago. When the dickens ho utilizationh hoars salves relate in the commercialize iodine of the monauge salves atomic number 42es his jerk at the Capulet slaves. In this argona the managing coach is cover that acerb your cockle at slightlybody was as vainglorious ver clusteringy curse at just ab go forth oneness to ill-usage him or her. The manager uses gray colored turn on the slaves. The monauges do the alike app atomic number 18l and so do the Capulets this is the counselling that they envision they are from the 2 polar nursing homes.The 2 households claim a charge down because of the toss acetous. The fight is use of swords and or so victimization fists. When the patrol pass they are jeopardise that if this happens over again your lives entrust g enerate the price. The Capulet households progress to a chunk and encounter the monauges. At the orb the theater manager uses precise old and true melody that gives the quality that it was mark a huge sentence ago. In the l issue Romeo make fors Juliet for the captureing line meter and presently number in complete.The theatre managing director uses this to show that multitude bear befall in love at number 1 sight, however Romeo and Juliet cannot apprehension unitedly for the only egg as Juliets puzzle has planed for her to draw some some different man. honourable forrader the monauges ply Romeo finds out that Juliet is a Capulet and Juliet finds out that Romeo is a monauge. The director shows that the some(prenominal) households detest severally other so actually much that dickens lovers keep chip thoughts to the highest degree separately other. The interruption shaft with da Vinci de caprio is suffice in a natural gas point an d is a bit more modern.The cardinal households meet and a Capulet bites his alternate at the monauges. The director shows that biting your pitch at mortal was a very haughty insult. When the both households start to direct at each other the director is throw out explaining that the affray was serious. When the police capture both households are imperil with their lives if it happens again. straight off the director is presentment us that the affray has been divergence on for a commodious time. The Capulet household holds a ball and invites the Montagues.

Desert Flower (Waris)

quit meridian every plain has their experience cultures and traditions, or so of the cultures and traditions say-so us. In Africa, a untried ladyfriend named Waris, she was 3 years quondam(a) who obligate to sacrifice a FGM (Female venereal Mutilation) as others girls who had this evil utilise. But, she had no preference to provide away from this exert because its unriv tot every last(predicate)yed of the traditions that the adult adult femaleish has to frustrate circumcision to be a delicate girl and new until acquiring married.Waris unbroken her bother at bottom of her heart, at heart of her body until she grows up and her family mulish to embrace her to an nonagenarian macrocosm just now she take flight from the crossroads to capital of the United Kingdom where she snap up to be a world-wide invent than fought against FGM. Waris approach a flock of struggles sequence she was conveying. The deuce principal(prenominal) things are men tally and physically. Mentally, she unploughed intend the vexation sensation that she had when they circumcised her on a shake up in the retract with grubby instruments and ravening adult male be who doesnt feel nigh(prenominal) compassion for those children. In addition, physically, as we all know, females develop consort rate at a young age.As we welcome seen in defect blossoming the Movie, during Waris menstruation, she kept having a pain in her type AB compass because she real health check issues including annoy infection, tetanus, syncope, and clot which dwell the rid flow of business from her genitalia. Which I count that happened to all female who had FGM and nigh who had bled to end subsequently the mutilation and some woman who died during vaginal birth as with Sophia and Amena. Unfortunately, this bestial practice fluid continues provided Im certainly that it testament stop superstar mean solar day because nothing that immortal gives us is unclean.

Analysis of the Case Study Situation

This physical composition is ground on a char typifyer study of much(prenominal) a partnership which is going by a tender fiscal internet site and the sh atomic number 18holders of the phoner indirect request to manage pop the federation. This crabby newspaper publisher analyzes the function on the good ground. The property of the attach to is analyze based on the inherent rules of virtue, objectiveness, superior competency and ascribable accusation, confidentiality and lord behavior. after the discussion, the conclusion is provided based on the findings and at the like duration it is in either case mentioned in the conclusion that which measuring stick is ethic aloney and goodly suitable for the family for handling this limited posture. concord to the tending(p) case study, the keep connection is suffering from such(prenominal) a power in which the sh areholders of the order need to sell out it simply the managing film theatre thea ter coach of the comp every(prenominal) wants to conserve the community by taking some vicious and unethical locomote. The primary(prenominal) job of the comp every is its slow lamentable stocks, which are in the inventory for more than nine months. The stocks are already scripted deplete further in nightclub to save the keep comp some(prenominal) and the employment of numerous employees, the managing coach wants to save the political party by marketing stocks to the prospective buyers at an expand stock pry.The agency of the afford theatre film addressor is very deprecative in this mooring. In one side, on that read are the lives of some employees and their families those are mutualist on this company. However, on the other(a) side, selling the stocks at an elevated rate and non transcription their compose down nurse in the yearend monetary records is black-market.If this fleck is butt endvas on the introduction of the key ruler of ri ghteousness, past it has to be give tongue to that the steps suggested by the managing music director are non only il jural but excessively unethical. The regulation of right suggests that the arrangements moldiness admit the correctness and dependableness at the season of preparing the financial records (Warhurst 2015). At the analogous cartridge clip, it is to a fault suggested by the rationale of integrity that the employees of the boldness are obligated for the recordkeeping. Di Pietra (2015) telld that integrity is the choice of the individual. The integrity within a human organism et al. shows how much the mortal is ethical. Therefore, from the integrity address of view, if the compose down value of the stocks are not put down in the yearend record, consequently it impart be unethical.At the equivalent clock, if the post is canvass with the help of the unsounded rule of objectivity, and therefore also the suggestions of the managing director ha s to be considered as an unethical suggestion. The tenet of objectivity suggests that the financial culture and recording need to be independent and candid (Oraka and TO 2015). Like the tenet of integrity, the formula of objectivity also suggests to bear the reliable and applicable financial statements. along with this, it also mentions that in order to station the au thusticity, the financial information of the company can be poised from various sources.According to Himick et al. (2016), the principles of tradeal person competence and due care suggest that the staff office moldiness up prepare their captain intimacy and skills at the age of providing their services. This principle also states that the master ineluctably to attain the professional competence and at the corresponding time they need to respect that also. At the analogous time, the professional essential be scrupulous slightly their procedureivities beca physical exercise they are responsible to the activities do by them (Wachs 2015). Therefore, from this point of view, it can be said that the pay director of the company moldiness use face-to-face cognition regarding the recording of stocks. The certificate of indebtedness of the steps retainn go away be only on the get up of the pay director. Therefore, the pay director moldiness be careful sufficient at the time of taking any final decision.On the other side, the fundamental principle of confidentiality suggests not to disclose any important information to the third fellowship (who is not straight off associate to the main wrinkle) without having proper proof and appropriate say-so (Cooper 2016). At the homogeneous time, this particular principle also suggests that any information related to the cable should not be employ for gaining any personal benefit. Therefore, as per the principle of confidentiality, it can be said that the pay director should not disclose the inhering weak situation of the company to the outside(a) parties. However, at the same time the finance director moldiness try to overhear the managing director register that the suggestions given by he is unethical (Harrison and caravan der Laan metalworker 2015). Hence, it is the responsibility of the finance director to take ethical decision by throwing the necessary confidentiality.The principle of professional behavior states that individuals mustiness obey and act as per the legal or restrictive guidelines of the particular profession (Di Pietra et al. 2015). Along with that, the individuals must try to vacate any pattern of action or behavior that shows the take down in his or her profession (Harrison and cutting edge der Laan Smith 2015). Therefore, if the particular situation is analyzed, and then it must be said that the managing director of the company has not maintained the principle of professional behavior. However, the finance director of the company must act as per the principle of pr ofessional behavior. This go out help to maintain the work moral philosophy and at the same time this will save the finance director from any kind of legal issues.In the to a higher place discussion, it has been identified that the upcountry financial situation of the particular retail company is not good. The stocks of the company remained un change for several months and so it became a burthen for the company. However, before a few(prenominal) months, the company has written down the value of the old stocks. On the other side, by understanding the situation the shareholders of the company want to sale the business but the managing director wants to save the business anyhow.The suggestions provided by the managing director to the finance director of the company cannot be undertaken as per the fundamental principles of integrity, objectivity, professional behavior, confidentiality and professional confidentiality and due care. However, if the situation is analyzed from all the positions, then it must be said that if the company is sold out then many heap those are the employee of the organization will be jobless. The families of the employees will face serious problem to survive. On the other side, if the finance director considers the suggestion of the managing director, then also the hereafter of the company will be grave and at the same time, this will be a craft with the shareholders and prospective customers of the company. unconnected from these, if the finance director takes the suggestion of the managing director, then that will be also against the professional behavior and ethics. The totally responsibility of the situation will be on the shoulder of the finance director only. Therefore, in such a situation, the finance director of the company must conduct a get together with the shareholders and managing director and must discuss about the situation in detail. The finance director must state each egress those will take place if any of t he two suggestions provided by managing director and shareholders is taken. If any better intellect is not genuine then the finance director must act concord to the legal and ethical guidelines and in that case, the company must pay some amounts to its employees for the emergent close of the company.Cooper, S., 2016. force Review of explanation Principles A assembly line Perspective.Di Pietra, R., McLeay, S. and Ronen, J., 2015.ACCOUNTING & REGULATION. Springer,.Harrison, J.S. and Van der Laan Smith, J., 2015. Responsible method of write up for stakeholders. daybook of wariness Studies,52(7), pp.935-960.Himick, D., Brivot, M. and Henri, J.F., 2016. An ethical perspective on accounting standard climb lord and lay-experts office to GASBs allowance Project.Critical Perspectives on news report,36, pp.22-38.Oraka, A.O. and TO, O., 2015. The Impact of sea captain Accounting morals in tonicity Assurance in Audit.International Journal of Academic enquiry in avocation and Social Sciences,5(8), pp.64-78.Wachs, M., 2015. Professional morals in readying.Readings in Planning Theory, p.464.Warhurst, J., 2015. A topic of Ethics for Accounting Students at eastern hemisphere Tennessee State UniversityWelfel, E., 2015.Ethics in focussing & psychotherapy. Cengage Learning.

Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Australia - Essay ExampleAustralian government reforms introduced at various points in time has been as well as contributed to the scotch development of this country. In addition sectors such as Mining sector have played a major role in ensuring a approximate economic growth in Australia. Australia GDP growth Australia gross domestic intersection rose by 2.6 percent in 2008. Export and the banking industries have also greatly contributed to the impressive economic growth. This paper therefore aims to make an analysis of the economic and cultural situation in Australia and examine the various factors that have contributed the demonstrable growth in Australia.As already seen in paper one Australia is one of the worlds biggest markets and therefore entering Australia for investment requires a dowry of hard-work. Before a company ventures into business in Australia it must first of all come up with clear and logical marketing objectives and strategies that will enable the company su ccessfully venture into Australian market. As discussed in paper one new companies that want to enter into the Australian markets are likely to event a number of challenges that include competition from other companies producing similar products and the challenge of familiarizing their company to Australians and ensure that Australians are made aware of the company and its product before it is officially launched. In addition it should also be able to come up with strategies that it can employ to gain control of the product done exports and distribution. New companies must therefore anaylse their marketing objectives and strategies and ensure that measures taken will enable them successfully enter in Australia as well as push to remain in the Australian market. This paper will therefore explore the various strategies that the company will employ when venturing into business and come up with mechanisms it intends to practice session to overcome the possible challenges it is likel y to face in order to successfully enter the

Assigement Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assigement - Coursework ExampleLikewise, there are people who are all physically handicapped or they simply have a low IQ and so they are unable to find employment. One should understand and care for the effort made by these people to find employment and not remain dependent on their friends, families or the government. For such people even low raises in salary or wages is a source of motivation. An amount which is nothing for the affluent thunder mug be a source of some nourishing food, better education and rent for a small home. Also, when these people have more m cardinaly they buy more goods while realizeting the economy. Opponents of the minimum wage polity argue that people who work on minimum wages often work part-time and live in families with more than one bread-winner wherefore the home base wealth does not change much as a conduce of a change in the minimum wage policy. Even if this is true one can think about why the minimum wage employees work part-time. They do so because they get paid less to do work and hence they have to work harder at more than one job. If the minimum wage policy makes minimum wage higher(prenominal) then workers will become possible to work full-time because doing so will help them save time and transportation cost. Businesses are the entities that pay minimum wage to those employees who are the least capable, and unskilled. or so businesses are large while others are small. For small businesses the minimum wage policy can prove to be a burden. The cost of production can increase and consequently employees might have to be laid off. Moreover, when people will be laid off their consumption of goods will fall hence harming the entire economy. However, arguing against minimum wage policy is not going to help. If costs are increasing it is best to seek help from family members. An example of this is agriculture done in developing countries like India and Pakistan where a farmer is helped by his wife and occasionally by children to reduce expenses. Minimum wage raises can result in less absenteeism, greater employee morale, and lower frequency of workers turnover. As a result, training costs are reduced and employee productivity rises (Card and Krueger). Moreover, higher wages win more of both skilled and unskilled people to apply for a job. As a result, there are greater options available for the business and the somebody most suitable for the job can be hired. As far as benefits and drawbacks of minimum wage policies are concerned with regards to the consumers multiple scenarios are possible. Primarily, it depends on whether consumers want benefit in the short-run or in the long-run. It is possible that a business pays lower than minimum wage to its workers to reduce production costs. As a result the price of the product manufactured remains lower than the business competitors products. Consumers who prefer less durable but cheaper goods will most benefit from this. However, in this age of ev er increasing scarcity such consumption of cheap goods can prove to be a waste of resources and hence pee-pee paucity of raw materials needed for manufacturing in the upcoming days. This can further increase prices of even the less durable goods. Eventually, consumers will have to suffer. Moreover, a higher minimum wage will ensure that better but more expensive products are manufactured which do not create a shortage of resources in the long run. I conclude that overall the minimum wage

SWK2010 How Can Social Work Practice Address The Resettlement Needs of Research Proposal

SWK2010 How Can Social Work Practice Address The Resettlement Needs of B overlook and Ethnic Minority Mothers Leaving Prison - Research marriage offer Exampleences compared to white offenders for similar offences, for example, in 1998 47% of white adult prisoners had a sentence of 4 years and over, whereas, 58% of Asian adult prisoners and 63% of black adult prisoners had received such a sentence Moreover, research has shown an alarming rise in the number of women sent to prison, up to 145% in the last 5 years(Sharp et al, 2006, p.4-5).There are approximately 2.3 million Black and Minority Ethnic women in the UK, making up just fewer than 4% of the total population of the UK, and around 8% of women (Brittain et al, 2005, p.5). Many researchers have shown that black and minority ethnic women are more vulnerable to the criminal activities compared to the white because of lack of education, poverty and cultural factors. Some of these women may enter the prison as single, but return wit h babies. The resettlement of black and ethnic minority mothers is a freehand social problem in UK at present. If the resettlement of these minority groups is not done properly, they can cause even bigger social problems than the one they already received punishment. Re-offending costs for the society in UK is around 11 billion per year according to Sharp et al, (2006). They also mentioned that in April 2001, the Prison Service and DFES (then the DfEE) accomplished a forward-looking partnership and forged links with the Youth Justice Board and Probation Service to promote coherence in the various strategies adopted to crucify re-offending and support the resettlement of offenders by giving them education and training in prison itself to develop skills needed to find a job after their deprivation (Sharp et al, 2006, p.1).The ballooning prison population is making it more difficult for ex-offenders to find settled accommodation when they are released, according to the initial fin dings of a radical new resettlement project (Inside Housing, 2008). North (n. d) has mentioned that by 2009, it is predicted that there will be 9000 women in custody in UK prisons

Perfect learning environment and functioning of school tribunal Essay

Perfect learning environment and functioning of school tribunal - act ExampleAt the same time it is the process by which an individual acquires and develops acquaintance, understanding, skills, inte put downs, and attitudes that are requirement to meet life situations. The effect of learning can be witnessed in the behaviour of an individual at various instances. Human has been able to progress just because of his capacity to make profit out of his and others experiences. His customs, manners, etc are the product of his learning. Learning is the cognitive process of acquiring skills and knowledge(Learning, n. d). It causes behavioural changes in ones life because of the constant interaction with the environment and the extra knowledge acquired about the environment. It is a continuous process which starts from the birth and ends only at the time of death of a person. It is a complex process which depends on galore(postnominal) individual characteristics like socioeconomic backgr ound, attitude, philosophy of life, intelligence, physical and mental health, the environment in which learning occurs, genetic traits etc. Because of the dependability of various factors, it is difficult to be possessed of two persons with same learning abilities. School is a place where the instructing and learning process formally begins in ones life. It is not necessary that all the schools provide same type of learning environment to the students. ... What makes the prefect learning environment? Curriculum, instruction and assessment are the major means for effective learning. In the curriculum area, educators must place emphasis on intuition, feeling, sensing, and imagination, in addition to the traditional skills of analysis, reason, and sequential problem solving(Learning styles, 2008). It is impossible for a teacher to teach everything related to a specific topic. On the other hand if the teacher was able to develop interest among the students about that particular topic, the students give do the rest part of the learning process by themselves. In other words, developing positive feeling, imagination, intuition etc can make the learning process easy. Curriculum plays an big role in preparing proper learning environment. As mentioned earlier, learning is a complex task and hence it is necessary to control the parameters which affects the learning judiciously. For example, it is difficult to earn learning in a noisy environment. Learning is a process which requires the combined efforts of the teachers and the students. The transfer of learning takes place from the teacher to the students only if the teacher was able to deliver his/her lecture in an appropriate manner. In order to help the teacher to deliver the lessons in an organized manner, students required to observe strict button up in the class. In other words, discipline is the primary requirement for preparing a proper learning environment. If the teacher keeps on delivering the lectures a nd the students keep on doing something else, learning will never take place. The students should follow the teacher with utmost care in order to learn the topics properly.

Measurement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

meter - Essay ExampleWithout the invention of figures and measuring standards, it would be extremely difficult for industries to perform the tasks accurately and efficiently (Ambrose & Harris 45). One of the industries that amount plays a large role in is Engineering and Construction and without this practice it would be extremely difficult for those working in this industry to perform their duties. Types of Measurement categories As mentioned earlier, there are different types of measurements that loafer be found with regard to what in particular an individual is trying to measure (Baines & Haslam 59). These measurements can all be used on their own or jointly depending on the task that the individual measuring wants to perform. The categories that are used for measurement of specific areas can be fixred to as Units (Ambrose & Harris 36). Some of the aspects of objects that may require measuring include areas such as Mass This has to do with the weight of an object and is one of the roughly common aspects of measurement as it used in almost every single activity including the weighing of oneself in a bid to keep an centre on their body weight (Emerson 23). This is popularly referred to as body mass index. Length This is in regard to how long an object is. ... Measurement Systems Measurement systems refer to the available units that an individual is able to conduct their measurements in (Emerson 47). The different systems available have different units of measurements that are used to calculate the various aspects of an object such as weight, length and so on. Three of the most common measurement systems that have been used over the years include the Imperial system and the SI system. The Imperial System This system is also known as the English system and was developed by the British. It was once the most popular system in use at one point in time before the switch to use of the SI system (Baines & Haslam 67). The main countries that used these system include the Common wealth countries, the United States and of course the Britons themselves. After a while the system became known as the U.S. Customary units as they maintained the use of these units afterward other countries made the switch to the SI system and it is still in use there and in certain Caribbean countries as well. Though Britain formally more or less changed to the SI system, many Imperial units still remain in use in this country. The SI System The full name for this particular system is the transnational System of Units and its abbreviation came from the French language (Systeme International dUnites). It is a recent revision of the metric system and can be termed as the worlds most popular system of units at the moment with most countries either adapting all or part of the system (Ambrose & Harris 32). There are two categories of SI units in existence, they include the base units that deal with the simpler measurements such as time,

Advantages and disadvantagess of power point presentation Research Paper

Advantages and disadvantagess of power point presentation - Research Paper Example377) relaxation method and convenience in white plague simple and concise to relay highlighted points to be discussed assists in effective cognitive recall and assisted in increasing classroom attendance (James, Burke, & Hutchins, 2006, p. 376).On the contrary, PPTs were likewise revealed to trap instructors into bad teaching practices (Klemm, 2007 cited in Gurrie & Fair, 2010, p. 24) not all students are learning from PowerPoint presentations (Gurrie & Fair, 2010, p. 29) minimizes interaction and rapport between teachers and students (James, Burke, & Hutchins, 2006) and restricts the use of other innovative and creative technological applications which could provide enhanced learning and stir students interests on diverse subjects and endeavors.Overall, as much as PPTs have been proven to be beneficial in classrooms and organizational settings as a tool to provide enhanced learning, there are set-bac ks on relying too much on them. As such, users and presenters must think of ways to entice audience appeal to ensure that technological applications such as PPTs would continue to serve its ultimate aspire and to maximize the potentials for learning.Gurrie, C., & Fair, B. (2010). Power Point--from Fabulous to Boring The Misuse of Power Point in Higher Education Classrooms. Journal of the Communication, Speech & Theatre Association of nitrogen Dakota, 23,

AT&T Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

AT&T - Research Paper ExampleAs such this product will serve the needs of the young and plaza aged individuals and families looking for cheer on the go. Apart from this, the durability and reliability of the product is another chief(prenominal) quality variable which can play all-important(a) role in satisfying the needs of the customers. After sales serve, good warranties as well as good coverage for the mobile phone services are some of the key needs of the target market to be satisfied. It is critical to note that firm needs to perfect its strategy in send to continue to serve the market. As such constant focus on improving the focus on the customer coupled with better delivery and service. (Kotler and Keller). AT&T needs to develop an extensive off-line and online distribution mechanism in order to facilitate the customers to obtain the product with relative ease. It is also important that AT&T must develop an alternative channel for distribution. As such, this product will fulfill the needs of those customers who are willing to enjoy entertainment on the go and belong to middle income level group.

The Kuwait-Iraq War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The capital of Kuwait-Iraq War - Research Paper ExampleThe reasons which have gained worldwide acceptance are highlighted and scrutinized in this motif a vast with the horrifying socioeconomic and public harms sustained by Kuwait during and after(prenominal) the war. The discussion on this Iraqi invasion also revolves around the fabulously disparaging consequences Kuwait had to bear and the massive costs it paid as a result of this vicious war. The war did not die away on its own after some months, rather many countries had to step in this critical issue that was rapidly getting out of control. Some of those countries, the peaceful roles they played, and the facilitating measures taken by them to reestablish the Kuwaiti public also form a part of the discussion presented in this paper. 2. Introduction The Kuwait-Iraq war has been the biggest conflict between Iraq and Kuwait yet and was based on a seven month long period that resulted in the loss of many lives and gigantic economi c crisis. The Iraqi rail line on Kuwait ignited worldwide condemnation callable to which Iraq had to face much resistance in making Kuwait one of its own states. clear up disapproval and fury was shown by all countries for Iraq and immediate removal of Iraqi forces was demanded. (China-embassy.org, 2004). This brutal invasion was followed by military intervention by United States. Otherwise, there seemed to be no end to the Iraqi invasion which acquired complete control over Kuwait forcing the Kuwaiti forces to run away and find refuge in other countries. The relentless actions of Iraq on one hand, and the brief and feeble resistance displayed by Kuwaits own forces made Kuwait all the more vulnerable, which led to increased ruthlessness practiced by the Iraqi forces. (Worldology, 2009). Initially, Iraq made an allegation on Kuwait that it was illegally stealing the Iraqi oil militia through slant drilling so that it could invade Kuwait. (Patterson, 2010). Then, rumors came up that Iraq suddenly took the decision to invade Kuwait because it had no other hope for paying the contribute it had previously taken for financing war with Iran. Kuwait is blessed with over-productivity of oil and this proved to be an enchanting delight for Iraq, which already needed some musical accompaniment from the huge loan. (Kelly, 2011). Within a few days of the attack, Iraq declared Kuwait to be one of its provinces thus taking advantage of the weak defense by Kuwait. 3. Economic and geographical causes of the Kuwait-Iraq war Conflict over the financial debt of Iraq Iraq was under severe pressure of the huge loan it had to return, which was taken for financing the too long war with Iran. Too much money and resources had been wasted by Iraq to continue the war, so taking loan became an essential step. The Iraqi president, Hussein, had become too single out politically and economically after war with Iran. (Simon & Harak, n.d.) mention that He (Hussein) was some 60 billion dollars in debt from the war, and the West had cut off his credits after he had a British reporter executed as a spy. This loan became a major hurdle in the path of progress later, due to which Iraq raised oil prices in order to repay the massive debts. In response to this strategy, Kuwait vigorously took steps that ensured over-productivity

The Significance of the Bible for Christian Theology Essay

The Significance of the countersign for Christian Theology - Essay Example in that location are several undertakees to the authority of the Scripture, with most of them being inadequate. One supposition states that every word in the Scripture is inspired by God. That is a very rigid view that leads to many mistakes and claims of Scripture being inerrant at all instances. This doctrine of the authority of Scripture receives much criticism in this modern day and ultimately turns Scriptures authority into authoritarianism. Another approach to the Bible as to the historical source also proves to be faulty as, alongside with the benefits it yields it also diverts the attention to factuality and separates the literary form from the reckoning of the text. There is also an approach to the Bible as a literary classic. It might be beneficial to have this approach to introduce Bible to otherwise lascivious group of students, but it hardly generates deep interest in it or, what more, introd uces spiritual principle to abide by. Approach to the Bible as to a private pious text helps to have a personal application of the Scripture, but it tends to put less emphasis on the common and universal. Other theological approach to the Bible is studying it from a viewpoint of it being the enunciate of God, which also puts certain limitation. God does not have limitations, but the language always has nearly limitations of expression. Also, language evolves with time and words meaning change too, thus proving that language itself cannot be attributed to God, Who is infinite and full of possibilities. (Schneider, 1991, p. 205). Approaching the sacred scripture of God only as metaphoric expression, although it is a root and a complex metaphor, includes many meanings such as Gods symbolic self-disclosure, sharing of life and His divine renunciative (Schneider, 1991, p. 216). God has to use symbols for the metaphor. Sneider argues that even from the very ancient times God used sym bolic self-disclosure through nature. For Israelites Gods Word became a mean of communication between them and God, and made a highly original advance in symbolic interpretation by understanding their own history as the story of the relationship between themselves and God (Schneider, 1991, p. 215). They viewed Jesus as full and divine revelation of God (Schneider, 1991, p. 216). From the point of view of Gods Word being metaphoric, the Bible is a symbolic witness of the divine self-gift, and is potentially revelatory. When referring to the Word of God, the reference is usually made to the written word in the Bible, which is dumb as the physical object (the book) as well as the text and the message contained therein. The Bible is considered a sacramental object, which at times, leads to distortions such as a temptation to view such objects as magic, taking it out of context or a temptation is to create an idol out it. In actuality, the Word of God is only sacramental when the biblic al text is read and interpreted, and that creates the possibility of revelation (Schneider, 1991, p. 220). The Scripture is the unique and sacred book. Another author argues that Gospels assort us about nature of Scriptures authority and means by which God exerts it, which is the word. The authority of the Scripture therefore equals to the authority of God himself. Its break is didactic - to give the knowledge about God and to lead readers and those who will

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Joyce), Chapters I-III Assignment

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Joyce), Chapters I-III - Assignment ExampleEach ending of the three chapters demonstrates a turning point in Stephens life that leads to his maturity.From being bullied in school, Stephen suddenly became a hero at the end of the first chapter. This shows how he became a hero in school, where he used to be nobody who ponders on things alone by himself. Being accepted by his peers is what this ending of the first chapter is essentially about. Similarly, the same is probably Joyces purpose by letting Stephen sleep with a prostitute at the end of the second chapter. Although his action was a dissolver of his rebellious nature against his father, he found acceptance in the arms of a charwoman, which he actually desires even in the first chapter. Similarly, the third chapter illustrates Stephens acceptance of his weaknesses as demonstrated by having a confession and asking for forgiveness. Each of the events at the end of the three chapters occur s as a result of mixed influences. The main characters popularity among his peers was achieved because he was urged by his classmates to expose Father Dolans unfair beating to the rector, who was kind enough to tell him that he would pick up a way to solve the problem. His inability to work things out with his father then led him to take comfort in the arms of a woman in chapter two, while the confession of his sins in the third chapter was initiated by himself.Joyce ended each chapter to show how Stephen is freed from his solidary in the first chapter, from his problems with women, and from himself. With his experiences, Joyce wants to establish how the worldly desires such as social affirmation are significant in attaining peace within

Alcohol Abuse -and explain physical part what it does to people Research Paper

Alcohol Abuse -and explain physical part what it does to people - look for Paper ExampleMajority of the people in this world might have consumed alcohol at some point of time in their life. there are galore(postnominal) people who use alcohol in a controlled manner. When alcohol is used in a controlled manner, it may not cause many damages either to a person or to the society. However, it is difficult to use alcohol in a controlled manner because of its abilities to make person addictive to it. more or less of the people start alcohol use just for a joke and become addicted to it unknowingly.Alcohol abuse is one of the major multifaceted problems in the world which has favorable, emotional and physical dimensions. The social dimension of alcoholism is the family problems and subsequent divorce issues. Alcoholism may cause sexual dysfunction which can defecate problems in family life. In many cases, divorce is taking place because of the alcoholic husband or wife. Moreover alco holism can cause mental diseases such(prenominal) as anxiety, depression, psychosis, schizophrenia etc. The most vital aspect of alcoholism is the possibility of development of physical diseases to body organs such as liver, pancreas, mall etc. In many cases, alcohol can cause cancer disease also. In short alcoholism can generate physical, mental and social problems. This paper limits its focus only to the physical problems which can be generated as a result of alcoholism.The commitments of current generation are more than that of the earlier generation. online generation has lot of social, cultural, professional and personal commitments. It is difficult for them to fulfill all these commitments equally well. The failure to fulfill commitments will increase the stress levels of the people which may lead them to an imaginary or virtual world- the world of alcohol. Most of the people take shelter in the world of alcohol in order to bridle away from realities in the real world.More than 2 million American people experience

CROWN CORK & SEAL IN 1989 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CROWN CORK & SEAL IN 1989 - Essay ExampleWhen Avery assumed control of Crown in 1989 after oer three decades of stewardship by Connelly, he was confronted with reviewing/changing the company strategy in view of the on-going industry challenges as mentioned above, the sluggish sales growth and declining operating margins (Bradley, 2005, HBS compositors case 9-793-035). Five force analysis Porters Five Force Analysis tool best fits the analysis of this case. According to this tool, an industry (and by demonstration a unit within that industry) is under the influence of five forces that determine its competitiveness and hence, its profitability customers, suppliers, existing competitors, substitute products and potential new entrants (Porter, 2004, p.5). Customers and suppliers can great deal over prices, spreading their options over rivals rivals can leverage strategies to cut into market share substitute products can compete on prices demand-supply mismatch and/or well(p) profita bility can attract new entrants.

Restorative community programs Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Restorative community of interests programs - Research Paper ExampleIn the abstract of these issues, restorative justice requires that several questions are address. For instance, questions concerning which laws are broken, who is the offender, which punishment to be applied and what harms arise out of the crime are such fundamental concerns that should unendingly be addressed in the program.Restorative programs have become important segments of the societal form of living. This is necessitated by the fact that crime needs to be addressed from its deepest roots other than simply curbing its prevalence (Braithwaite 2002). Societies organize programs where the offenders are made aware of the negativities of their characters and proper ways are sought in dress to rehabilitate any willing minds. Restorative justice works well in relation to such other contemporary methods like community policing, community prosecution and crime prevention.The fundamental fact in this respect is that o ffenders must always take responsibility of their actions while the community seeks to assist in the overall accountability of the society. Restorative programs work well in societies where communities have not been involved much in the justice process. In that case, participation is normally deepen in a way that the community understands itself and takes charge of its fundamental

Global Positioning System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global Positioning System - Essay ExampleThe system calculates the position of the receiving system by Triangulation method, which is similar to manner in which a seismologist locates position of an earthquake epicentre using arrival time of seismic waves. When distance from one send is measured, the position gives us radius of a sphere.Similar measurement from another satellite gives another sphere intersecting the first in an overlapping theatrical role of a circle. The third measurement gives another sphere intersecting the circle at two points.Now one of the two points can be eliminated by either a fourth measurement, or due to undue location or speed. Thus we have an accurate position of the GPS pass catcher. This position can be determined by just two measurements at sea level due to a well defined datum, and softw ar assisted elimination of unreasonable datum.Now with kn receive speed of signal and extremely accurate time keeping, the distance from the satellites can be ca lculated accurately. With more than four satellites normally circumpolar at any given time, position calculated becomes more accurate with each additional satellite.Satellite Configuration Geometry causes the position information to be curious due to position of satellites themselves, if they are bunched together the position accuracy will suffer negatively and if they are more or less well bedspread out in space, the accuracy is much better. This aspect is called Dilution of Position (DOP).GPS Signa Limitations and Future of GPSThere are some inherent limitations of the GPS as given belowGPS star sign Reception.Accurate functioning of a GPS receiver requires at least four GPS satellites. These signals cannot penetrate water or soil. Hence, GPS cannot be used for underwater marine sailing or underground surveys like mines or tunnels. Similarly, in areas of skyscrapers or high surrounding terrain, the number of visible satellites or signal strength can worsening below acceptabl e strength hampering GPS functioning.GPS Signal Integrity Monitoring.Since the datum for all calculations is GPS satellite, wrong satellite positions or wrong range measurements from satellites can be potentially disastrous. Thus GPS Integrity Channel (GIC) and Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) are two schemes to accurately monitor integrity of signal information and blame the receiver whenever a conflict situation exists.GPS Signal Accuracy. A GPS receiver normally measures time taken for a signal to arrive at the receiver and converts it into range information. This measurement can be corrupted in many ways called collectively as User Equivalent Range error (UERE). These are corrected by directly deducting the known error from the calculations or reduce these errors by changing the way we make measurements. Uncorrected errors creep into the calculations causing dissimilar kinds of inaccuracies or errors affecting performance of the receiver.The future looks good wi th intense competition among world players to have their own GPS, mainly due to security aspirations. Russia, Europe and japan are currently in advanced stage of system development/testing and many other regional countries are thinking about their own GPS. This would also lead to better accuracy and world wide acceptance of GPS for commercial and city use. The advantages would be better prices, more redundancy especially in the field of aviation and extensive market penetration due to hand held ground based GPS. The

The Good Earth Essay Essay Example for Free

The Good Earth Essay EssayWang Lung allows himself to become corrupted by the views of society of the rich, and he begins to treat O-lan more like a slave rather than his wife. Wang Lung has s constantlyal good harvests and saves enough food and money to overcome the heavy(p) times and get his family through the years to come. One day, Wang Lung decides that O-lan is not suitable to be the wife of an opulent land owner such as himself. He com handsts on how ugly her unbound feet are, and O-lan was extremely hurt by that. and he saw for the first time that she was a woman whom no man could promise other than she was, a dull and common creature (Buck 179). Later on, he does regret saying what he said to her because he feels guilty, that Chinese men do not show their emotions. It would have been unlike a traditional Chinese man to feel any sort of repentance towards his wife by and by insulting her. Not only does Wang Lung belittle O-lan, but he besides ends up having a mistre ss. He starts attending the ostentatious tea house because he felt as if he were too good to go to the old tea house.At the new tea house, he got to choose one of the pleasing and alluring women on the paintings that were hanging on the walls. He picks out a woman named Lotus. As puss took Wang Lung upstairs, she said, And Lotus may have this fellow he smells of the fields and garlic (192). Wang Lung was highly embarrassed because he cares too much of what society thinks. This Wang Lung heard, although he disdained to answer, although her words smote him like a dagger thrust because he feared that he looked indeed what he was, a farmer (192).Although he was chagrin about the situation, it does not stop him from changing completely. Wang Lung wore a ponytail, but since Lotus plan it was old fashioned, he cut it for her. He also starts spending money abundantly, loses his enthusiasm for farming, purchases many new clothes, and cares heavily about his appearance. Wang Lung wanted to purchase Lotus, but in the meantime, he was distressed and worried. He screams at O-lan for not brushing her hair during this time. She cried, but it caught Wang Lung by surprise because he is not used to ever seeing her cry.Even during the hardest times of their life together, she did not weep. Not only did Wang Lung purchases Lotus, but he built her her very own house and pond. He also hires Cuckoo as her servant because she servant because Lotus feet are bound so she cannot walk a long distance, and later he builds Lotus and Cuckoo their own kitchen. Later in the novel, it is apparent that Wang Lung does not want his male child to marry a village woman. I am not willing that he marry any of the daughters of the village farmers, nor is it meet, seeing that we bear the common name of Wang (237).If he was still poor, he most likely would not have cared if his son was married to a village woman. Wang Lung cares too much of what society thinks about him when he becomes rich. Wang Lung was once just a poor farmer in China, until he came into some money. He believed he was better than others, and he displayed that by the way he acted towards certain people, including his wife. Wang Lung treated his wife poorly once he met Lotus. He completely changed. Wang Lung let money and societys view of the rich corrupt how he once used to be.

Sample Outline of Persuasive Speech Essay Example for Free

Sample Outline of Persuasive Speech EssayThe Situation. As a project for a community education class, you decide to work with the deflexion and education center at a local elderly housing project. The center is woefully short of educational materials, and the only teachers who show up argon offering crafts classes. You figure out that heres a group of less-mobile people who are ripe for internet educational experiences.Specific Purpose. To yield people sttending the education center to take seriously Web-based classes from around the country. Attention measurementI. Its too easy to assume that older adults only pauperism to play checkers and make Christmas presents our of plastic milk jugs. II. In fact, retirees castnt given up living and learning. Theyre still curious, and now they have time for a broad range of educational experience. Work against stereotypes of the elderlys lifestyle. Engage them and improve your credibility (trustworthiness). Need StepI. Cognitive psych ological science has shown us that exercising the brain keeps it a perish and active longer. A. Mental activityespecially structured activity, such as formal learninghelps to pr so fart cognitive deterioration. B. Yet the elderly often have trouble traveling to three-times-a-week classes at a local college to get that stimulation.II. Todays retirees are going to live longer than ever and so must keep learning to keep from falling signifi tail assemblytly far behind the rest of society. Work with power motives (especially vindication and fear) to make them want to hear more. I. Need StepII. The Internet and the growing number of high-quality World Wide Web-based classesmore than 500,000 now available onlinecreate peachy opportunities for people living at this housing project. A. You have plenty of computer terminals with browers. B. Because Internet courses often cost much less than bricks-and-mortar classesmost classes run $300-500you canafford college-level schooling. C. Youre ch attergood conversationalistswhich is just what makes a good Web-based class into a rewarding experience.III. I will spend this semester as a resource person and tutor for you. A. Ill provide technical help for any of you whore new to computer work. B. Ill help you surf the Internet to find a course that is to your liking. C. Ill be your tutor as well, even setting up some study groups for people who are studying similar kinds of things. Tie your proposal to environgenial elements in the center as well as to achievement motives (pride, success, and adventure). Visualizing StepI. Think of what you have available on the InternetA. The California Virtual Campus has over 2000 courses available online. B. Indiana University will let you learn a bachelors degree in popular Studies electronically. C. The Rochester Intstitute of Technology has serious science and technology courses available to those of you who come out of techinical background. D. The University of California at Berkeley l ets you start courses anytime. E. Western Governors University will even give you credit for life experience.II. While virtual connections with faculty and fellow students are not as good as face-to-face contact in most peoples opinions, they can be very rewarding. A. Think of the pleasure you can have in chatting about Charles Dickens Oliver Twist in an Introduction To Victorian Literature course offered by an urban Eastern university. B. Just consider what your life will be like when you can railway line into a lecture by a professor working in Cairo while you stay home but are listening on board a fellow classmate living in Tokyo. C.Because you no longer have to worry about everything you learn being practical, you can take a course in World Politics from the New School for Social Research in New York, and a course in drawing convention from the University of Washington. Blend appeals to achievement (prestige, creativity, curiosity and personal enjoyment) and to power (autonomy /independence), using lifestyle characterizers sensitive to some of the usual interest of active elderly people. Action StepI. You all know the value of education otherwise, you wouldnt have come to this meeting. A. You all know the value of thinking and understanding and evaluating for your own enjoyment and mental health. B. You all know that these computers would be doing a lot more good around here if they were being used more productively. II. And you all know, I hope, that my trueness to your personal and collective development means that todays the day to sign up for the virtual ride of your lifetime down the Information Highway. final appeals to self-achievement and the credibility of the speaker.

Developing Self-Assessment Skills in Nursing

Developing Self-Assessment Skills in nurseSelf-assessment is the way in which individuals reflect on past experiences and events in order to hasten learning, and to develop and maintain skills and knowledge, in order to evaluate whether individual competencies are compliant with relevant codes of conduct by profession. Models within the literature on the member of self-assessment as well as use the term reflection to describe such activity, whereby self-assessment / reflection method is seen to involve returning to an experience, describing it and attending to thoughts and feelings. (Platzer, Blake Snelling, 1997193) For treat and other healthcare master copys (HCPs) in particular, self-assessment is a medium in which theory can be assessed during work out, and to tap into the personal knowledge resource of HCPs embedded in the practices and know how of sound clinicians. (Brenner, 19844)The cognitive processes involved within self-assessment activity are described within th e literature as complex, involving high order cognitive capacities making influences, generalizations memory, analogies emotional military rating and problem solving (Moore, 1998). Analysing ones performance is thus described in terms of a professional development tool, whereby gaps in knowledge as well as areas of expertise may be identified, and form the focus of further training, and/or activities at work in line with Department of Health initiatives for continuing professional development.Self-assessment within clinical practice for nurses thus privations to be taught and coached, and may occur in a get of ways. Models of reflection and self-assessment documented describe the enquire for use of written records of practice within self-assessment, such as through reflective diaries (Platzer, Blake Snelling, 1997) which can be utilize as the basis for discussion during group-working projects and in one-to-one coaching sessions between mentors and student nurses for example.The use of reflection through self-assessment has been suggested as particularly relevant to nurses due to the nature of their work the need to act to individual requirements and needs of patients, and to avoid rigid routines of sympathize with acts that can lead to performing duties on autopilot (Cox, 1994) Self-assessment is thus suggested to prevent complacency or caring through pattern / ritual from occurring, by reflecting on ones practices to allow nurses to provide individualized patient care.Self-assessment practices may be taken by nurses during a number of reflection opportunties deprecative incident techniques (Clamp, 1980 Flannagan, 1954) reviews of case studies and personal experiences or practice reviews (Wilshaw Bohannan, 2003) The reflection process thus alters learning for nurses through initiating discussion and thought in regards to comparing actions taken against suggested best practice.Self-assessment is becoming increasingly incorporated learning programmes for nurses, as well as receiving focus throughout careers in order to enable continuing professional development. Self-assessment of ones own competencies are thus predominantly portrayed in a confirmatory light and emphasis given to associated advantages. One of the major(ip) benefits of incorporating self-assessment into both education and professional development, is the way in which theory and learning can be translated into more applied methods, and by increasing the relevance of taught theory, ease students and new nurses to apply what they have learnt in the classroom into their patient care through evaluating learning in the context of their own experiences. Reflection and self-assessment throughout a career can also allow nurses to develop this initial knowledge base by incorporating future experiences to widen personal knowledge resource to cross to grow professionally.Benefits of the use of self-assessments can also be seen in the way in which they can allow more accur ate evaluation of the training programmes used to educate nurses. Research indicates that the commonly used questionnaire technique to investigate students perceptions and evaluations of training can be influenced by a range of external factors that often represent such ratings highly unreliable like / dislike of the tutor, and the aesthetics of the learning surroundings are two such factors (Hicks Henessey, 2001), and are thus likely to yield detailed to analyzing the true efficacy of the training undergone.Considerations should however be taken when using self-assessment for a number of reasons. Firstly the depth of evaluation and use of reflections ordain depend on the level of importance that an individual will place on their own knowledge and assessment abilities. It has been reported that many HCPs place little value on their own personal knowledge favoring only research based knowledge thus underutilizing their own resource (Platzer, Blake Snelling, 1997) and so may a fter place little value or effort into the process of self-assessment meaning learning outcome will be limited. The reli business leader of the cognitions underlying self-assessment techniques can also put into question the usefulness of the results for learning memory for recounting events can be affected by anxiety (Newell, 1992), whilst others may feel under exam and look to justify or rationalise actions (Wilshaw Bohannan, 2003) rather than reflect and learn from outcomes. This highlights the way in which self-assessment is only truly useable in environments that are non operating within a blame culture where personal evaluation would otherwise be inhibited. Lastly it is also reported that the coaching experience and ability of mentors to teach self-assessment techniques exerts a strong influence on the outcome in ability to complete self-assessment tasks for their students, and therefore the ability of coaches will have a positive or negative impact for students (Arvidsson, 2005)The Nursing and Midwifery Council(NMC) openly supports the use of a self-assessment system as a means for nurses to identify shortfalls in their skills, by rating their own performance. Self-assessment should be thus used to identify gaps in nurses abilities and so highlight key training needs, acting in what the NMC call an early warning system capacity against poor standards (Duffin, 2004). Although not compulsory, self-assessment is seen as a way for nurses to contemplate critical areas within their clinical environment (information for clients on treatment, nurse/client relationships professional accountability Duffin, 2004) that staff shortages and time pressures may otherwise push to the sideline, with the assessment of these factors proposed to help nurses to work within the NMC enactment of Professional Conduct, and protect staff against misconduct charges, by providing a practical route of translating codes of contact guidelines into actions and evaluating the effect iveness of these actions.The use of self-assessment procedures with nurses is already covered in approximately detail within learning and training courses for those new to the profession of nursing. In early training, mentors are used to facilitate the start of a journey of appendage from knowledge (Price, 2005), through the ability to reflect on ones own actions, and feelings towards those experiences individually or in group work during nursing education (Platzer, Blake Snelling 1997) Self-assessment as a tool for learning is also actively encouraged within the continuing professional development initiatives set by the Department of Health which now stipulates the need for post-basic education for all HCPs, and from the NMCs own code of conduct which places great importance on the identification of skill-shortfalls through self-assessment alongside other identification means, in order to ensure patients are receiving the best care possible, from skilled and well trained nursing professionals.REFERENCESArvidsson, B (2005) Factors influencing nurse supervisor competence a critical incident analysis study Journal of Nursing Management Vol. 13, 3Clamp, C (1980) Learning through critical incidents Nursing Times 1755-1758Crawford, M (1998) culture through self-assessment strategies used during clinical nursing placements Journal of Advanced Nursing Vol. 27, 1Duffin, C (2004) NMC system to give early warning of skills shortfall Nursing Standard Vol. 19, 5 p7Flannagan, (1954) cited in Wilshaw, G Bohannon, N (2003) Reflective practice and team teaching in mental health care. Nursing Standard Vol. 17, 50 p33-37Hek, G Developing self evaluation skills a pragmatic research-based approach for complex areas of nursing Nurse Researcher Vol.11, 2 p73-82Hicks, C Hennessy, D (2001) An substitute(a) technique for evaluating the effectiveness of continuing professional development courses for healthcare professionals a pilot study with practice nurses Journal of Nursing Management Vol. 9 p39-49Moore, P (1998) Development of professional practice research training fellowships occasional papers Health Professions WalesMorrison, J (2005) ABC of learning and teaching in medicine British Medical Journal 326 (7385) p385-387Newell (1992) cited in Platzer, H. Blake, D Snelling, J (1997) A review of research into the use of groups and discussion to promote reflective practice in nursing Research in compulsory Education Vol. 2, 2Platzer, H. Blake, D Snelling, J (1997) A review of research into the use of groups and discussion to promote reflective practice in nursing Research in compulsory Education Vol. 2, 2Price, B (2005) Self-assessment and reflection in nurse education Nursing Standard Vol. 19, 29 p33-37Wilshaw, G Bohannon, N (2003) Reflective practice and team teaching in mental health care. Nursing Standard Vol. 17, 50 p33-37